Aluminum, as an ideal lightweight material, the potential advantages become more and more obvious. Therefore, in recent years, more and more aluminum profiles are used in the aerospace field. According to statistics, the space launch vehicle into space orbit weight per mitigate 1kg, launch costs will save about $ 20,000, so the structure can be described as " each gram is important” in the aerospace field. If the weight of the fighter is 15% lighter, then the aircraft roll can shorten the distance by 15%, and a voyage 20% increase, and increase payload by 30%. Therefore, all countries in the world attach great importance to the research and development of aerospace lightweight structural materials.aluminum profile, because of its own lightweight, high strength, easy to process, and the price of economic characteristics, is of particular concern.
Performance Characteristics of Aluminum
Currently, during the design of the aircraft, the designers are mostly will choose having a high specific strength and stiffness of the structural material, in order to reduce the structural weight of the aircraft, to improve the flight performance, and increase cost effectiveness. Meanwhile, the structural material should also have a good processability and easy to make the parts needed. Currently, a variety of aircraft aluminum alloy is used as the main structural material. The aircraft's skin, beams, ribs, stringers, bulkheads and landing gear are made of aluminum alloy and aluminum tubing. Aircraft in accordance with the different uses, the amount of aluminum is not the same. The civilian models focus on the economic benefits of a large number made of aluminum alloy, part of the reason is that aluminum alloy cheap. Such as the Boeing 767 with aluminum alloy accounts for about 81% of the body weight of the structure. Military aircraft due to the requirements of good operational performance relative to reducing the amount of aluminum, such as high-performance F-15 fighter only 35.5% aluminum alloy.
Aluminum is Widely Used in Aerospace
Aluminum alloy in aerospace applications development can be divided into several stages: the 1950s, the main goal is to lose weight and improve alloy stiffness than strength; from the 1960s to 1970s, the main goal is to improve the alloy durability and damage tolerance developed 7XXX series alloy T73 and T76 heat treatment system, the 7050 alloy and high-purity alloys; in 1980s, due to rising fuel prices and require further reduce the structural weight; since the 1990s, the development goals of the aluminum alloy is further weight loss, and further improve the alloy durability and damage tolerance. Such as the development of a high-strength, high toughness, high corrosion resistance, a new aluminum alloy, a large number of heavy plate processing into complex overall structural parts instead of before, with many parts assembly parts, not only can reduce the weight of the structure, but also to guarantee the stability of the performance.
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